The last ruling Kingdom of Korea was the Joseon Dynasty, which began in 1392 and lasted 500 years. However, the Korean civilization is an ancient one, dating back thousands of years. Sandwiched between China and Japan, Korea has yet managed to maintain its unique culture. For centuries, Korea enjoyed a period of isolation and was called the Hermit Kingdom, but it was finally annexed by Japan. After World War II and the Korean War, the peninsula was divided into two separate countries: North Korea and South Korea. Both of which play different but prominent roles in the post-modern world.